DNA purification is one of the most popular and significant methods in molecular biology. The purification of DNA aims at making it possible to separate the desired genetic material (chromosomal material) from harmful substances like proteins, RNA, and cell membrane. This is a critical procedure in almost every molecular procedure and must be performed https://mpsciences.com/2021/04/23/dna-purification-processes-for-different-applications/ well to ensure the highest quality usable DNA.
There are a variety of methods for DNA purification. The selection is based on a variety of variables, such as the starting materials and downstream applications, cost and time limitations. The common plasmid and genomic purification methods require chemical treatment, enzymatic digesting or mechanical disruption of tissue/cells followed by salting out the proteins and precipitating the DNA with alcohol.
Ethanol precipitation can be described as a simple, inexpensive and quick method for desalting and concentrating DNA. DNA molecules form aggregates when they are in the presence of monovalent cations such sodium, and are then filtered out of solution with large amounts of alcohol. This method is employed to remove salts, organic compounds, and other impurities. It is usually employed with other purification methods.
Anion exchange chromatography is another popular method for DNA purification. DNA in a solution is bonded to positively charged resins by the interaction between the negatively charged DNA phosphate backbone and the positively charged surface molecules of the resin. During the binding process it is possible to remove contaminants using a stringent washing process. The DNA that has been purified is eluted using low-salt conditions.